Can hybrid microgrids provide electricity to rural communities in Zambia?

The current study contributes to the general framework of rural electrification with hybrid micro-grids that can be implemented to supply electricity to rural communities in Zambia. More importantly, it contributes to the definition of a reference for implementing hybrid microgrids for rural electrification.

Does integrating PV into a grid improve grid stability?

Integrating PV into the system produces more energy beyond the load demand, which must be curtailment for grid stability. PV capacity varies depending on the scenario, and since the system favours the lowest LCoE, excess electricity produced must be curtailed or directed to dump loads, which in this study was not considered.

How does economic development affect rural electrification projects in Zambia?

For example, economic aspects of grid expansion and a lack of economic activities in rural areas hinder rural electrification projects in Zambia and in cases where there is a greater need for electricity, diesel generation plants are used.

Why is PV with storage a good option for rural areas?

Additionally, the periodic fluctuation of diesel pump prices increases the uncertainty of system operation and energy costs. Therefore, implementing PV with storage ensures energy security and is an attractive option as the cost of energy is very low and thus is unique for rural areas with less economic activities.

How does drought affect power generation in Zambia?

Despite the history of drought vulnerability in the regions, reduced water levels in major hydro reservoirs have become common and consequently affect power generation ; hydropower generation systems still dominate electricity generation and energy planning in Zambia and across east and southern Africa.

Do hybrid micro-grid systems have a distribution network?

The current study adopts from Ref. , the taxonomy for off-grid systems with specifics on hybrid micro-grid systems as having a distribution network, multiple consumers and energy sources. Much of the research conducted consider PV hybrid micro-grid systems under the coverage of Asian countries [,].